Kindle Liberation (Part 1): The Foundation – Jailbreak, Hotfix, and KUAL

In our previous post, we talked about why your Kindle deserves a second life as a high-tech dashboard or a distraction-free writing deck. Now, it’s time to get your hands dirty.

This post is the “Trinity of Modding.” To unlock your Kindle, you need three things:

  1. The Exploit (Jailbreak): Gets you the master keys so you can use your Kindle to its fullest potential.

  2. The Hotfix: Changes the locks so you aren’t kicked out after a reboot. This makes the jailbreak persistent, so you won’t have to start from scratch every time you boot up the device. I’m including another step here to stop Amazon from pushing an update to your device, trashing your hard work.

  3. The Toolkit (KUAL & MRPI): MRPI is the package installer for your new apps, and KUAL is the launcher, like the “Start” menu on a computer.

 Before You Start: The Pre-Flight Checklist

  • Airplane Mode: Keep your Kindle in Airplane Mode at all times until we fix Over The Air (OTA) updates. If it connects to Amazon, it will update, and you will lose your window to jailbreak.

  • Check Your Firmware: Go to Settings > Device Options > Device Info. Write down your version number. It also helps to know what device you have. For instance the first kindle I jailbroke was a Kindle Voyage.

  • Backup: Plug your Kindle into your PC and copy your documents folder to your desktop. If something goes wrong, at least your books are safe.

  • Storage Space: Ensure you have at least 500MB of free space on your device. If you’ve been filling it with “dummy files” to block updates, delete them now to make room for the installation files.

  • ALWAYS properly eject the kindle before unplugging from your computer. Failure to do so will risk corrupting some files and since a complete reset on an old device renders it unable to register to your account, it might brick it. I know there’s a lot of plugging and unplugging, but it is a must. 

Step 1: Choosing Your Path (The Exploit)

In homage to whack-a-mole, Developers at Amazon have periodically patched issues allowing jailbreaks over time. There is no “one-size-fits-all” jailbreak. Your path depends entirely on your firmware version. Click the guide that matches yours:

  • [Firmware < 5.16.4]The WinterBreak2 Route. This is the most common path for older, “geriatric” devices. This method even works on devices that aren’t registered!!!

  • [Firmware 5.16.4 – 5.18.0.2]: The WinterBreak Route. Requires a slightly different approach; check this guide carefully. This only works on a device registered to an Amazon account.

  • [Firmware 5.18.1 – 5.18.5]: The AdBreak Route. Only for devices that can support Amazon’s “Special Offers.” This only works on a device registered to an Amazon account.

Pro-Tip: If you get an “Application Error” while running the exploit, don’t panic. This is normal behavior on many modern Kindles. As long as you see the “Jailbroken” confirmation, you’re good to go.

Step 2: The “Forever” Switch (The Hotfix)

Many beginners jailbreak their device and then reboot, only to find the hack is gone. You must install the Hotfix.

  1. Download the Kindle Jailbreak Hotfix (look for the latest .bin file).

  2. Copy it to the root of your Kindle drive.

  3. Eject, go to Settings > Update Your Kindle.

  4. Then follow this guide to disable over-the-air updates so your Kindle won’t even try to update itself to the latest Kindle firmware, locking you out.
  5. Once it finishes, your jailbreak is now permanent, even after a reboot.

Step 3: Installing the Toolkit (KUAL & MRPI)

Now we turn your Kindle into a computer. KUAL (Kindle Unified Application Launcher) is your “Start Menu,” and MRPI (MobileRead Package Installer) is your “App Installer.”

  1. Follow the the latest  guide on KUAL and MRPI from the Kindle Modding Wiki.

  2. After you run: ;log mrpi in the search bar, you should see the line “Hush little baby…” print on the bottom of the screen with random icons flashing above it.
  3. Your screen will flicker, go white, and then return to your library. You should now see a new book titled “KUAL.” Open it, and you’re in!

Troubleshooting: If It Doesn’t Work

I’ve walked this path myself, and it rarely goes perfectly the first time. If you get stuck, check these three things:

  • “I don’t see the KUAL book”: Did you run the ;log mrpi command? Did you ensure the .bin file was in the mrpackages folder before you ran the command?

  • “The command did nothing”: Make sure you didn’t accidentally put brackets (1) in the filename (browsers do this when you download the same file twice). Delete the copy, rename it properly, and try again.

  • “It just won’t work”: If all else fails, check the MobileRead Kindle Developer Forum. It is the source of all knowledge for this stuff—don’t be afraid to search there.

What’s Next?

You are officially jailbroken! You have the keys to the castle. In the next post, Part 2, we’ll move from “foundations” to “fun” by installing KOReader to handle any ebook file format you can throw at it and setting up a few games.

Did you get your KUAL app running on the first try? Drop a comment below and let me know which Kindle model you liberated!

What to do with all these old defunct Kindle devices that Amazon stopped supporting (Part 0)

So, you’ve got a Kindle gathering dust in a drawer. It’s too old to access the Kindle Store as of May 20, 2026. The browser is basically a relic and isn’t supported by a lot of websites nowadays, and Amazon has essentially forgotten it exists. Let’s repurpose them for cool projects!

The Simple “No-Hack” Browser Option

If you aren’t ready to dive into the technical weeds of jailbreaking, try the “browser-first” approach. As long as your device can connect to Wi-Fi and load a basic webpage, you can try rekindle.ink.

This is a web-based interface formatted specifically for e-ink devices. It hosts a variety of apps and games that run directly in your browser. It is important to note that these tools are designed for modern e-ink browsers. If you are using a legacy device (like my 5.12-era Kindle), you might find that the site fails to render correctly. If it works for you, you’ve got a quick, easy upgrade! If your browser is simply too old to keep up, don’t worry, it’s time to move to Level 2: The Jailbreak.

First, DO NOT deregister (remove) your kindle from your amazon account!!!

What is Jailbreaking?

Back in the day, when you bought an item, you owned it. Even electronics would work long after the company that made them shut down. Nowadays, we’ve moved from “owning” hardware to “licensing” services. After owning my Kindle for more than 10 years, it suddenly became a trojan horse of advertising when Amazon decided to change my lock screen to host ads for their other services. Then more recently, they decided I’ve used my kindle long enough, and disabled its ability to load new books. But I can always buy a brand new one from them right?  HA!

So why would you want a jailbroken kindle? Well, there are benefits you can reap even with newer, currently supported devices.

  • Remove ads
  • Custom screensavers
  • KOReader: Make a more flexible Ebook reader by installing KoReader which allows you lots of great interactions and customized gestures as well as allows you to read a myriad of ebook filetypes such as EPUB, PDF, HTML, DOC, MOBI and more. You can get these formats from many online book publishers, including many for free (legally).
  • Productivity tools: Install Anki for flash card and a Pomodoro timer for deep work
  • Build a writer deck with a bluetooth keyboard
  • Games:
    • kwordle,
    • crossword puzzles from New York Times, USA Today, Universal, Wall Street Journal, Washington Post
    • A whole gameboy emulator!
  • Home Assistant Dashboard: Display for anything you can display in a home assistant dashboard
    • Weather Dashboard
    • Stock updates
    • News
    • Alarm system status
    • Calendar
  • Control things in Home Assistant

Jailbreaking is a very easy technique that only requires you connect the Kindle to a computer to transfer some files, then rebooting, then repeat that a few more times. 

Many of the current kindle jailbreaks require the device to be registered, and after May 20, 2026, you will not be able to register these older devices. There is apparently a workaround for some older versions (firmware 5.16 and before with WinterBreak2 and LanguageBreak). Drop a comment if you know better than me!

What’s Next?

In this series, we’re going to walk through the “how-to” of these projects, from the initial jailbreak to building your first Home Assistant-driven display.

Ready to liberate your Kindle? In Part 1 of this series, we’ll walk through the jailbreak process, firmware by firmware.

Have a project you want to see covered first? Let us know in the comments.

 

 

James Web Telescope Wall Art on a Budget

I’ve been staring at JWST mirror builds for years. You know the ones-the iconic gold honeycomb that makes every nerd’s heart skip a beat. It’s been stuck in my head like a song I couldn’t stop humming.

While the 3D-printing community has some beautiful frames for these, I just couldn’t bring myself to do it. Spending days of print time and a mountain of plastic filament for a static frame felt wasteful. I knew there was a leaner way to do it.

The Plan:

About a year ago, I finally pulled the trigger on some gold adhesive hexagons. The Amazon photos lead you to think these tiles are huge, but the listing said they were 11cm x 12.5cm. The full array is about 20.5″ x 22″, the size for a wall piece.

The JWT has a black backing, but again, I wasn’t about to 3d print that much. I just waited until inspiration struck. The pack of tiles sat on my desk almost a literal year. I refuse to pay “Big Craft” prices. I wasn’t going to drop $10+ at Michaels or Walmart for foam core board when I knew I could get it for a buck at Dollar Tree. If that means a project sits in a drawer for 12 months until I’m near a Dollar Tree, so be it. I’m patient to a fault.

The Build:

The Dollar Tree foam core board is almost the exact size of the mirrors, so I had to use two pieces to get enough material to have the boarder around the edge. To keep it clean, I aligned the seam to sit directly behind a center row of tiles. Pro-tip on alignment: Don’t just start sticking things down. I laid everything out first. I started the actual adhesive process by centering a tile right over the board transition, making sure the corners were dead-on the edge. From there I worked toward the center, then filled out the rest. Once the “honeycomb” was locked in, I traced the boarder at 1.5cm from the tiles with a pencil and carefully did the surgical work with a ruler and a fresh razor blade. I mounted the whole thing with some extra 3M Command strips that I cut smaller.  You can’t even tell where the transition of the two pieces of backer meet (Hint, in the photo it is the top left third of the design at an angle from the center left-most point to the top-right center point.)

One thing I’ve noticed with the 3D-printed versions is that if the frame doesn’t support the entire back of the tile, they tend to warp or look “wavy.” I felt that mine came out slightly less wavy than some of the ones I saw online, but certainly not as perfect as others. But for foam core they look surprisingly sharp. Total cost? Less than $20 and about an hour of slightly non-focused time. Total plastic filament wasted? Zero. It’s not a $10 billion space telescope, but for my wall, it’s close enough.

Run a Private AI Chatbot in Chrome – No API Key, No Cloud, No Cost

 

Most people assume AI assistants require a subscription, an internet connection, and a willingness to let your conversations pass through someone else’s server. What if none of that were true?

You might think that setting up a local LLM AI is beyond your capabilities, or maybe just takes too much space.

All you need is to open a special HTML file to use it.

As of Chrome 138+, there’s a fully capable large language model sitting dormant inside your browser right now — and with a little tinkering, you can build a slick multi-chat interface to talk to it. That’s exactly what the Local Chrome AI project does.

What Is This, Exactly?

Google has been quietly shipping Gemini Nano — a real, capable LLM — inside Chrome as part of its on-device AI initiative. It’s not a toy. It can answer questions, write code, summarize content, describe images, and hold a conversation. The catch: Google doesn’t exactly advertise how to turn it on, and there’s no built-in chat interface. That’s the gap this project fills.

The result is a single HTML file you download and open locally. No server. No npm install. No signup. You just drop it in Chrome and start chatting.

Setting It Up

Before the HTML file does anything, you need to unlock Gemini Nano in Chrome’s experimental flags. Paste these URLs into your address bar one at a time:

  • chrome://flags/#prompt-api-for-gemini-nanoEnabled
  • chrome://flags/#prompt-api-for-gemini-nano-multimodal-inputEnabled (for image support)
  • chrome://flags/#optimization-guide-on-device-modelEnabled BypassPerfRequirement

Then restart Chrome via chrome://restart. After that, go to chrome://components, find Optimization Guide On Device Model, and hit Check for update. Chrome will pull down the model — it’s 2–4 GB, so give it a few minutes. When the status reads “Component already up to date,” you’re ready.

Then just download one of the HTML files from the repo and open it in Chrome. That’s it.

What the Interface Does

The full-featured file (local_AI_with_sidebar.html) looks and feels like a real chat app. There’s a sidebar for managing multiple conversations, each one saved independently in your browser’s localStorage. You can create new threads, delete individual ones, or wipe everything with a single button. Conversations get auto-titled based on your first message.

The image-enabled version (local_AI_Sidebar_image_Uploads.html) adds a camera icon next to the input field. Attach a photo, ask a question about it, and Gemini Nano analyzes it entirely on your device. The image shows as a thumbnail in the chat bubble; click it for a fullscreen lightbox view.  A settings panel lets you control whether images get saved to localStorage (they’re big you may not want them persisting) and how many messages back the model sees as context. Because of that, the default settings are to save space by not storing uploaded images in Chrome’s localStorage, but you can turn on image saving if you want to.  Just be sure to turn this setting on before you upload an image. Anything uploaded previous to the setting change won’t be saved.

There’s also a minimal single-window version (minimi.html) if you just want to kick the tires without the sidebar.

The Clever Engineering Under the Hood

Local LLMs are stateless — every prompt starts from zero. The project solves this with two techniques worth knowing about.

The first is a simple context injection: before every message, the last N exchanges from localStorage get prepended to the prompt, giving the model a rolling memory of the conversation. You can tune how many messages back it looks in the settings panel.

The second is recursive summarization. When a chat exceeds a certain length, the script quietly asks the model to summarize everything so far, then replaces the growing history with that single compressed summary. This prevents what the README aptly calls the “Quadratic Slowdown” — where every new message has to carry an ever-longer context, making responses progressively slower. The summarization happens silently; from your perspective the conversation just continues normally.

Privacy Is the Real Feature

Every word of every conversation stays on your hard drive. The model runs on your GPU. Nothing is transmitted anywhere. You can turn off your Wi-Fi and it keeps working. Really, try it!

Cloud AI assistants are excellent, but they’re not private by design. This is.

The tradeoff is capability. Gemini Nano is a small model optimized to run locally, not a frontier model running on a data center. It’s fast, it’s private, and it handles everyday tasks well, but it won’t match GPT-4 or Claude on complex reasoning. For a lot of use cases, that’s a perfectly fine deal.

Who Should Try This

If you’re the type of person who reads about experimental Chrome flags for fun, you’ll have this running in ten minutes and enjoy every second of it. If you have colleagues who handle sensitive documents and keep asking “is this AI thing private?”, this is a concrete answer you can hand them as an HTML file.

The project is open source under MIT and lives at github.com/morrowsend/local_chome_ai. Fork it, modify the system prompt to give the AI a different personality, build your own tools on top of the same LanguageModel API — the foundation is solid and the code is readable.

Local AI has been technically possible for a while now. This project makes it actually convenient.


Requires Chrome 138+. The on-device model download is 2–4 GB. Performance depends on your GPU — on a modern machine responses are near-instant; on integrated graphics expect a few seconds per reply.

Saving Data and Converting Microsoft Works Files

A lifetime ago, my computer only had Wordpad (RIP 2025) as a text editor. It was fine for basic things, but when I had the chance to get Microsoft Works, I jumped on it. From that point on, I felt like a real professional using Works. I wrote all my terrible teenage poetry and story ideas in Works.  Years later, I came across the files, however, I was unable to open them. Works had long been surpassed and basically disappeared from the internet and all human consciousness it seemed.

I tried to bring some of these files into Microsoft Word, but that only worked on a few files, as the encoding on most of them was pretty goofy. Even viewing the files in a hex editor was either incredibly time-consuming or completely fruitless. I resigned and just left the files on an old hard drive to rot to magnetic equilibrium with the countless other data I hoard, forever to be an uncheckable box on my bucket list.

Recently, I came across the old hard drive and was determined to read those terrible poems. So I went to my much-loved word processor, Libreoffice,  to see if they could be saved. Almost like magic, I was able to open a couple of the files!!! It worked!  Opening the files one by one, then saving them, would take forever. (I had a lot of bad poetry…) So I cracked open the ol’e Google machine and found a reddit post that made my day. I run Libreoffice Portable, so I couldn’t just use the commands in that post. I had to find the actual “soffice” executable.

No worries, I just poked around until I found it deep down in the LibreOffice Portable folder. Now to convert all my old tomes of terrible teenage tradition, all I had to do is:

  1. Visit the folder in my file explorer
  2. Right-click and open a command line there
  3. Recite the magic words:

    C:\Users\username\Installations\LibreOfficePortablePrevious\App\libreoffice\program\soffice.com –convert-to doc *wps 

  4. Then spin around twice and cross my fingers as I press “Enter” and…

Huzzah! All of the files are converted to .doc in one fell swoop.

Now I can spend the rest of the evening firmly rooted in the deepest of cringe. Bonus! I found some of my wife’s old teenage writing as well, haha. I’ll have to save those for a rainy day 🙂

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